The U.S. health care system is consolidating at an increasing pace. Health care systems tout the benefits of consolidation in the form of cost savings and other operational efficiencies. But consolidation also has its costs: Independent providers are being disrupted by larger systems, the larger systems themselves face higher risks, and the consumer might not always benefit. This panel explores the pros and cons of consolidation from the perspective of consolidated systems themselves, providers that choose to remain independent, and the health care consumer.